​空气流量传感器的工作原理和存在形式

Release time:2023-06-05
author:AMEYA360
source:网络
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  空气流量传感器的仪表系数不受测量介质物性的影响,可以由一种典型介质推广到其他介质上。但由于液、气的流速范围差别很大,导致频率范围亦差别很大。处理涡街信号的放大器电路中,滤波器的通带不同,电路参数亦不同,因此,同一电路参数不能用于测量不同介质。不同种类的空气流量传感器有不同种类的组成:

​空气流量传感器的工作原理和存在形式

  1.活门式空气流量传感器装在汽油发动机上,安装于空气滤清器与节气门之间,其功能是检测发动机的进气量,并把检测结果转换成电信号,再输入微机中。该传感器是由空气流量计与电位计两部分组成。

  2.卡曼涡旋式空气流量传感器:为了克服活门式空气流量传感器的缺点,即在保证测量精度的前提下,扩展测量范围,并且取消滑动触点,有开发出小型轻巧的空气流量传感器,即卡曼涡旋式空气流量传感器。卡曼涡旋是一种物理现象,涡旋的检测方法、电子控制电路与检测精度根本无关,空气的通路面积与涡旋发生柱的尺寸变化决定检测精度。又因为这种传感器的输出的是电子信号(频率),所以向系统的控制电路输入信号时,可以省去AD转换器。因此,从本质来看,卡曼涡旋式空气流量传感器是适用于微机处理的信号。这种传感器有以下三个优点:测试精度高,可以输出线形信号,信号处理简单;长期使用,性能不会发生变化;因为是检测体积流量所以不需要对温度及大气压力进行修正。

  3.温压补偿空气流量传感器,主要用于工业管道介质流体的流量测量,如气体、液体、蒸气等多种介质。其特点是压力损失小,量程范围大,精度高,在测量工况体积流量时几乎不受流体密度、压力、温度、粘度等参数的影响。无可动机械零件,因此可靠性高,维护量小。仪表参数能长期稳定。本仪表采用压电应力式传感器,可靠性高,可在-10℃~+300℃的工作温度范围内工作。有模拟标准信号,也有数字脉冲信号输出,容易与计算机等数字系统配套使用,是一种比较先进、理想的流量。

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